19 original, reviewed guides

Make sense of the number behind the number.

Practical explanations for the moments when a calculator gives you an answer and you want to understand what it means.

Basics

How to calculate percentages: the simple guide

A clear, practical explanation of the percentage calculations people use most.

8 min readRead guide →
Basics

What percentage is one number of another?

Use the part ÷ whole × 100 formula confidently, with examples and checks.

6 min readRead guide →
Work & data

Percentage difference vs. percentage change

Choose the right comparison when values have—or do not have—a clear starting point.

7 min readRead guide →
Work & data

Percentage increase vs. decrease: why the math feels uneven

Understand base values, percentage points, and why equal changes do not cancel out.

7 min readRead guide →
Basics

Percentage shortcuts for 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%

Fast mental-math methods for common percentages, with checks you can do anywhere.

7 min readRead guide →
Basics

Common percentage mistakes and how to avoid them

Spot reversed bases, added discounts, and other errors before they affect a decision.

8 min readRead guide →
Shopping

How to compare sale prices without getting fooled

A calmer way to compare discounts, stacked offers, and the price you actually pay.

7 min readRead guide →
Shopping

How to calculate a discount in your head

Estimate common sale prices quickly using 10%, fractions, and a simple subtraction.

6 min readRead guide →
Shopping

How stacked discounts really work

Combine two or more discounts correctly instead of simply adding their percentages.

7 min readRead guide →
Shopping

How to find the original price before a discount

Reverse a sale price using the percentage paid, with clear examples.

6 min readRead guide →
Everyday

A practical guide to tip percentages in the United States

Understand common tip calculations while leaving room for service and local custom.

7 min readRead guide →
Everyday

How to split a restaurant bill fairly

Choose an equal, itemized, or hybrid split and include tax and tip clearly.

7 min readRead guide →
Work & data

Profit margin vs. markup: what is the difference?

Understand the two common profit percentages and avoid using one in place of the other.

8 min readRead guide →
Work & data

How to calculate profit margin step by step

Turn revenue and cost into a percentage, then interpret the result carefully.

7 min readRead guide →
Work & data

How to calculate percentage error

Compare a measured value with an accepted value and report the size of the error.

7 min readRead guide →
Everyday

How to calculate progress toward a goal

Turn completed work, savings, or distance into a clear progress percentage.

6 min readRead guide →
Everyday

How to calculate a test score percentage

Convert points earned into a percentage and understand weighted scores.

7 min readRead guide →
Everyday

How to calculate attendance percentage

Measure attendance from sessions attended and sessions held, with common edge cases.

6 min readRead guide →
Work & data

How to reverse a percentage increase

Find the value before a known increase without making the common subtraction mistake.